Impact of Toombak dipping in the etiology of oral cancer: Gender-exclusive hazard in the Sudan :Hussain G Ahmed, Rayan M Mahgoob, Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics

EPEDEMIOLOGY
Year : 2007 | Volume : 3 | Issue : 2 | Page : 127--130

Impact of Toombak dipping in the etiology of oral cancer: Gender-exclusive hazard in the Sudan

Hussain G Ahmed¹, Rayan M Mahgoob²
¹ Department of Histopathology and Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Khartoum, Sudan
² School of Medicine, Ahfad University, Khartoum, Sudan

Correspondence Address:
Hussain G Ahmed
Faculty of Medicine 102, U of K, Toombak Centre, Khartoum
Sudan

Background : Oral cancer (OC) mortality is very high in Sudan, particularly among men due to the habit of Toombak use (tobacco specific nitrose amine (TSN)) rich tobacco. Aims : Our aim was to determine whether OC is gender-specific due to increased Toombak use among males as suggested a risk for subsequent development of oral cancer. Settings and Design : We conducted a descriptive study of OC in Khartoum and obtained information on Toombak use, confounding variables for 39 incident patients with oral cancerous lesions and 43 hospital-based cases without apparent oral lesions. Materials and Methods : OC was affirmed by histopathology for all patients with oral lesions, hence oral epithelial atypia and leukoplakias were detected using cytology. Statistical Analysis : Data analyzed using a computer SPSS program. Results and Conclusions : Of the 82 subjects, there were 57 (70%) Toombak users and 25 (30%) non-tobacco users. Among the 39 patients with OC, 24 (61.5%) were Toombak users and 15 (38.5%) were non-tobacco users. Among 43 with atypical changes, 10 (23.3%) were non-tobacco users and 33 (76.7%) were Toombak users. Regarding gender, only 11 (13.4%) were females, of whom 8 (72.7%) were non-tobacco users. We conclude that oral cancer, atypia and leukoplakia were high among males who were Toombak users. In view of the high incidence (29%) of OC due to Toombak use, we propose the implementation of oral screening programme restricted to Toombak users.

How to cite this article:
Ahmed HG, Mahgoob RM. Impact of Toombak dipping in the etiology of oral cancer: Gender-exclusive hazard in the Sudan.J Can Res Ther 2007;3:127-130

How to cite this URL:
Ahmed HG, Mahgoob RM. Impact of Toombak dipping in the etiology of oral cancer: Gender-exclusive hazard in the Sudan. J Can Res Ther [serial online] 2007 [cited 2022 May 20 ];3:127-130
Available from: https://www.cancerjournal.net/article.asp?issn=0973-1482;year=2007;volume=3;issue=2;spage=127;epage=130;aulast=Ahmed;type=0