| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2022 | Volume
: 18
| Issue : 2 | Page : 525-531 |
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The efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in the maintenance treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A single-center retrospective analysis
Li-ya Wei, Jing Xie, Yue-qiao Wang, Xuan-yong Liu, Xiao Chen, Yi-huizhi Zhang, Qiang Wang, Zhi Guo
Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Cancer for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenviroment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
Correspondence Address:
Qiang Wang
Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenviroment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
China
Zhi Guo
Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen
China
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_255_22
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Purpose: To explore the impact of PD-1 maintenance therapy on the relapse-free survival (RFS) of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with DLBCL admitted to our center between January 2018 and July 2019 who achieved complete remission (CR) after induction chemotherapy. Forty-five patients who received PD-1 inhibitor maintenance therapy were considered the treatment group. Forty-five patients who did not undergo maintenance treatment during the same period were selected as the control group. The base levels of the two groups of patients were similar. The 2-year RFS rate of the two groups was compared. The correlation between the adverse prognosis factors of the patients and the RFS rate was performed subgroup analysis.
Results: The 2-year RFS rates of the treatment and control groups were 86.7% VS 75.6% (P = 0.178), respectively, until July 2021. A single factor analysis showed that patients with International Prognostic Index (IPI) score ≥ 3, non-GCB DLBCL receiving PD-1 inhibitor maintenance treatment, can improve their 2-year RFS (72.2% VS 30.8%, P = 0.022; 88.5% VS 62.5%, P = 0.032). For non-GCB patients, the 2-year RFS of the treatment group can reach 88.5%, while the 2-year RFS of the control group is 62.5%, which is statistically significant (P = 0.032). In all patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors, the adverse reactions were all grade I–II, and there were no grade III–IV adverse reactions. There were no clear adverse events in the follow-up patients in the control group.
Conclusion: Maintenance treatment with PD-1 inhibitors can improve the 2-year RFS rate of patients with IPI score of ≥3 and non-GCB DLBCL. This prompts the potential advantage of PD-1 inhibitors in DLBCL maintenance treatment. However, longer follow-ups remain needed to obtain more definite data.
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